tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-25035914754610834722024-02-20T15:36:22.991+02:00ENGLISH WORDS AND GREEK COGNATES.Learn easily Greek via the linguistic relationships and the roots of the English words.Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.comBlogger204125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-72151222016239984342020-04-14T16:34:00.000+03:002020-04-14T16:34:00.916+03:00Etymology of coup<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="color: #990000; font-family: "georgia";"><b>Origin of the word "coup"</b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia";"><span style="color: #555555;">The word </span><b><span style="color: red;">coup</span></b></span><span style="font-family: "georgia";"><span style="color: red; font-weight: bold;"> </span>comes <span style="color: #555555;">from the French <b>coup</b>, from Medieval Latin <b>colpus</b>, from Vulgar Latin <b>colapus</b>, from Latin <b>colaphus </b>"a cuff, box on the ear," from the Greek <b><i>c<u>o</u>laphos </i></b>(punch, slap; Gr: κόλαφος).</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia";"><span style="color: #555555;"><br /></span></span><span style="color: #660000; font-family: "georgia";"><b>In modern Greek: </b></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia";"><b><i><span style="color: #783f04;">a) c<u>o</u>laphos:</span></i></b><span style="color: #555555;"> </span></span><span style="color: #555555; font-family: "georgia";">punch, slap [Gr: <i>κόλαφος</i>]</span><br />
<span style="color: #555555; font-family: "georgia";"><br /></span><span style="color: #555555; font-family: "georgia";"><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/coup" target="_blank">OED</a></span><br />
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___________________ Post 238. ____________________</div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-38358172365580104692013-08-11T16:49:00.003+03:002020-04-01T12:57:09.759+03:00Etymology of video, vision, visit<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">video </span></i></b>comes from the Latin <b><i>video [videre] </i></b>(I see), which is related to the Greek verb <b><i>ideo </i></b>[to see; Gr: ιδέω, είδον; <i>ε-Fιδ-ον</i>].<br />
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"> vision, visible, visit, idea</span><br />
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>a) <u>i</u>da: </b></span>I saw [Gr: είδα]<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>a) id<u>e</u>a: </b></span>idea [Gr: ιδέα]<br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>a) v<u>i</u>deo: </b></span>video (loanword) [Gr: βίντεο]<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">___________________ Post 237 _______________</span></b><br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-75655217940994522262013-08-11T16:09:00.000+03:002020-04-01T14:22:26.589+03:00Etymology of villa, village, vicinity<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">villa </span></i></b>comes from the Italian <b><i>villa </i></b>(country house, villa), from the Latin <b><i>villa </i></b>(country house, farm), from <b><i>vicus </i></b>(house, village, group of houses) which is related to the Greek <b><i><u>oe</u>cos</i></b> [house; ie. eco-logy; Gr: <b><i>οίκος</i></b>].<br />
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"> village, vicinity, villain, villainous, villainy, eco- (eco-logy, ecosystem, eco-nomy etc)</span><br />
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>a) <u>i</u>cos: </b></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">house [Gr: οίκος]</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>b) icolog<u>i</u>a: </b></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">ecology </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">[Gr: οικολογία]</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>c) icos<u>y</u>stima: </b></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">ecosystem </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">[Gr: οικοσύστημα]</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #990000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><b>d) iconom<u>i</u>a: </b></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">economy </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">[Gr: οικονομία]</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; line-height: 18px;"><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">____________________ Post 236 __________________</span></b></span><br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-55949329757866805002013-08-11T00:49:00.001+03:002020-04-01T21:19:59.996+03:00Etymology of similar<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">Similar</span></i></b> comes from French <b><i>similaire</i></b>, from the Latin <b><i>similis (</i></b>like), from Old Latin <b><i>semol </i></b>(together), which is related to the Greek <b><i>omal<u>o</u>s </i></b>(semalos*) [even, same; ομαλός]<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></b> similarity, same<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<span style="color: #990000;"><b>a) omal<u>o</u>s:</b></span> even, plain [Gr: ομαλός]<br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;">b) <u>o</u>mios:</span></b> same [Gr: όμοιος ]<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;">___________________ Post 235 _________________</span></b><br />
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* Kouvelas : Etymological and explanatory dictionary of the Latin language.</div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-65854439537345521812013-02-24T13:48:00.004+02:002020-04-01T21:26:29.845+03:00Etymology of gondola<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">gondola </span></i></b>comes from the Old Italian <b><i>gondula, </i></b>from the late Latin <b><i>condua </i></b>(gondola) from the late Greek <b><i>cond<u>u</u>ra</i></b> (small boat) from the Greek adjective c<u>o</u>nduros [cond<u>o</u>s + ur<u>a;</u> with short tail].* Others etymologize gondola from the Greek cond<u>y</u> [Gr: κονδύ], a kind of glass.*<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<span style="color: #990000; font-weight: bold;">a) g<u>o</u>ndola: </span>[loanword]<b> </b>gondola [Gr: γόνδολα]<br />
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* Babiniotis Etymological Dictionary of Modern Greek<br />
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________________________ <b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 234</span></b> ________________<br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-40550115388034543232013-02-24T13:24:00.002+02:002020-04-01T21:39:47.748+03:00Etymology of gamut<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">gamut </span></i></b>originally "lowest note in the medieval musical scale," in the system of notation devised by Guido d'Arezzo, contraction of Medieval Latin gamma ut, from <b><i>gamma</i></b>, the Greek letter, indicating a note below A, + ut (later do), the low note on the six-note musical scale that took names from corresponding syllables in a Latin hymn for St. John the Baptist's Day:<br />
Ut queant laxis resonare fibris<br />
Mira gestorum famuli tuorum<br />
Solve polluti labii reatum,<br />
etc. Gamut came to be used for "the whole musical scale;" the figurative sense of "entire scale or range" of anything is first recorded 1620s.<br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><b>In modern Greek:</b></span><br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;">a) g<u>a</u>mma:</span></b> the Greek letter gamma [Gr: γάμμα; γ ]<br />
<span style="color: #990000;"><b>b) g<u>a</u>mma:</b> </span>gamut, spectrum, range [Gr: γκάμμα]<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> <a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=gamut&allowed_in_frame=0" target="_blank">OED</a>.</span></b><br />
_______________ <b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 233. </span></b>_____________________<br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-27106725415641874762013-02-24T13:08:00.000+02:002020-04-01T21:40:53.583+03:00Etymology of gum<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">gum </span></i></b>(resin), comes from the Old French <b><i>gome </i></b>"(medicinal) gum, resin," from the Latin <b><i>cummi</i></b>, a transliteration of the Greek <b><i>c</i></b><i style="font-weight: bold;"><u>o</u>mmi </i>[gum; Gr: <i>κόμμι</i>]. As a shortened form of <b><i>chewing gum</i></b>, first attested 1842 in American English.<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;">a) g<u>o</u>mma: </span></b>gum, ruber, eraser [Gr: γόμμα]<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=gum&allowed_in_frame=0" target="_blank">OED </a></span></b><br />
_______________________ <b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 232.</span></b> _______________</div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-70429114316791727572013-02-24T12:46:00.003+02:002020-04-01T21:42:40.246+03:00Etymology of galley<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">galley </span></i></b>comes from the Old French <b><i>galie</i></b>, from Medieval Latin <b><i>galea</i></b>, from the Late Greek <b><i>galea</i></b>, from <b><i>gal<u>e</u>i </i></b>(a kind of fish; Gr: γαλέη).<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;">a) gal<u>e</u>ra:</span></b> galley [Gr: γαλέρα]<br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;">b) gal<u>e</u>os:</span></b> tope [a kind of fish; Gr: γαλέος]<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=galley&allowed_in_frame=0" target="_blank">OED</a></span></b><br />
________________ <b><span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 231.</span></b> _____________________<br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-52011850538820630042013-02-24T12:24:00.000+02:002020-04-01T21:45:14.021+03:00Etymology of antelope<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">antelope </span></i></b>comes from the Old French antelop, from Medieval Latin <b><i>ant(h)alopus</i></b> (11c.), from Greek <b><i>antholops </i></b>(attested in Eusebius of Antioch, c.336 C.E.), a fabulous animal haunting the banks of the Euphrates, very savage, hard to catch and having long saw-like horns capable of cutting down trees.<br />
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<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<b style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><span style="color: #660000;">a) antil<u>o</u>pi: </span></b>antelope [Gr: αντιλόπη]<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: x-small;"><i><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=antelope&searchmode=none" target="_blank">OED </a> </i></span></b><br />
<b>___________________ <span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 230.<i> </i></span>_________________</b></div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-50981894541768853862013-01-05T10:41:00.002+02:002020-04-01T22:17:04.077+03:00Etymology of cook, cuisine, kitchen<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><span style="color: #cc0000;">cook </span></b>(n) comes from the Latin <b>cocus </b>(cook) from the verb <b>coquo </b>[to cook, to think, to be unquiet, to worry (about), to mix], which possibly is related to the Greek verb <b>cycao/cucao </b>[stir up, mix together; Gr: <b>κυκάω</b>].<br />
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Others etymologize coquo from the IE root *pekw, which is related to the Greek verb pesso [to cook, to boil, to make something soft (Gr.: πέσσω); Att.: petto (πέττω); later pepto (πέπτω), peptic].<br />
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Finally, a few etymologize coquo from the Greek verb ceo (to burn; Gr: καίω - κηίω, κηFίο).<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root: </span></b><br />
<b>En:</b> cooker, cookery, cuisine, biscuit, kitchen<br />
<b>Ger: </b>kochen, kuche<br />
<b>It:</b> cuocere, cucina, biscotto<br />
<b>Fr:</b> cuire, cuisine, biscuit<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<b>a) cyce<u>o</u>n:</b> mix of dissimilar things, confusion, disorder [κυκεών]<br />
<b>b) cus<u>i</u>na: </b>cuisine, kitchen [κουζίνα; reborrowing]<br />
<b>c) bisc<u>o</u>to:</b> biscuit [μπισκότο; reborrowing]<br />
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<b>____________________ Post 229 _______________________</b><br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-32598535475322121342012-12-29T10:48:00.000+02:002020-04-02T12:06:04.717+03:00Etymology of plus, plural<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><span style="color: #cc0000;">plus </span></b>comes from the Latin <b>plus </b>(more) is related to the Greek <b>pleos </b>[more, in greater number, more than; Gr.: <b>πλέος</b>].<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root: </span></b><br />
<b>plural, pluri- pluralism, plurarity, pluralize, pluralist, pleo- (pleomorphic etc), poly-, plethora</b><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><strong>: </strong></span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #660000; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;"><strong><br /></strong></span>
<b><span style="color: #990000;">a) pl<u>e</u>on: </span></b>more [Gr: πλέον]<br />
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<b><span style="color: #990000;">b) ple<u>o</u>nasma:</span></b> surplus, excess [Gr: πλεόνασμα]<br />
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<span style="color: #990000;"><b>c) pleonasm<u>o</u>s: </b></span>pleonasm [Gr: πλεονασμός ]<br />
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<b><span style="color: #990000;">d) pleon<u>e</u>ktima: </span></b>advantage [Gr: πλεονέκτημα]<br />
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<b><span style="color: #990000;">e) pl<u>e</u>thos:</span></b> a lot of, a large number of [Gr: πλήθος]<br />
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<span style="color: #990000;"><b>f) plethintik<u>o</u>s:</b></span> plural [Gr: πληθυντικός]<br />
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<span style="color: #990000;"><b>g) plethism<u>o</u>s:</b></span> population [Gr: πληθυσμός]<br />
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<b><span style="color: #990000;">h) pl<u>e</u>thora:</span></b> plethora, plenty [Gr: πληθώρα]<br />
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_______________________ <b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 228</span></b> __________________<br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-54192623762072483242012-12-22T17:27:00.000+02:002020-04-02T12:22:47.273+03:00Etymology of tardy, retardation<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The adj. <b><i><span style="color: red;">tardy </span></i></b>comes from the Latin <b>tardus<i> </i></b>(slow, dull, stupid), which some relate it to the Greek <b>vradys/vradus</b> (slow; Gr: <b>βραδύς</b>; vradus/vardus/tardus].<br />
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Others relate it to the Latin <i>taru-dos</i> from the r. <i>teru-</i>, related to the Greek <i>terys/terus</i> [thin, weak, wιthout power; Gr: <i>τέρυ</i>]<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></b> tardiness, tardily, retard, retardation, brady- (bradycardia, bradypnea, bradykinesia etc).<br />
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<b><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #990000;">a) vrad<u>y</u>s (brad<u>y</u>s): </span></b>slow [Gr: βραδύς]<br />
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<b>________________ <span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 227</span> ________________</b><br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-215842793723473342012-12-22T13:39:00.000+02:002020-04-02T12:26:39.696+03:00Etymology of tarragon, estragon (Fr)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b><i><span style="color: red;">Tarragon </span></i></b>(<b><i><span style="color: red;">estragon</span></i></b>) is a plant whose aromatic leaves are used for flavoring. The word comes from the Byzantine* Greek <b><i>tarchon. </i></b>from the Arabic <b><i>tarhun, </i></b>from the Greek <b><i>drak<u>o</u>ntion </i></b>(dragonwort), from the Greek <b><i>dr<u>a</u>kon </i></b>(dragon, snake).<br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><b>French:</b> </span><b><i>estragon</i></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000;">Spanish:</span></b> <b><i>taragona</i></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000;">Italian:</span> <i>targone</i></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #660000;">Greek: </span><i>estrag<u>o</u>n </i></b>[Gr: <i>εστραγκόν</i>; loanword, reborrowing]<br />
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* The term Byzantine Empire is falsely used by some to describe the <a href="http://ewonago.blogspot.gr/p/romania-romei-romeika.html" target="_blank">Roman Empire</a> from the 4th to 15th century.<br />
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<a href="https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=estragon" target="_blank">OED</a><br />
<b>____________________________ <span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 226</span> ____________________</b></div>
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-36392905362235302982012-09-01T11:22:00.000+03:002020-04-02T12:34:16.524+03:00Etymology of cabaret<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <b><i><span style="color: #cc0000;">cabaret </span></i></b>(lit. tavern) comes from the old French <b><i>camberete</i></b>, from <b><i>cambre</i></b>, from the Latin <b><i>camera</i></b>, transliteration of the Greek <b><i>cam<u>a</u>ra</i></b>.<br />
See also:<br />
"Etymology of camera" <a href="http://www.ewonago.blogspot.gr/2012/05/etymology-of-camera.html" target="_blank"><i>here</i></a>, and<br />
"Etymology of chamber" <a href="http://www.ewonago.blogspot.gr/2012/09/etymology-of-chamber_1.html" target="_blank"><i>here</i></a>.<br />
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<b><span style="color: #990000;">In modern Greek:</span></b><br />
<b><span style="color: #b45f06;">cabar<u>e</u>:</span></b> cabaret [Gr: καμπαρέ; loanword]<br />
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<a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=cabaret&searchmode=none" target="_blank"><i><b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">OED</span></b></i></a><br />
_____________________ <b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 225. </span></b> __________________________</div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-74695570074616363752012-09-01T11:10:00.000+03:002020-04-02T12:41:19.610+03:00Etymology of chamber<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <i><b><span style="color: #cc0000;">chamber </span></b></i>comes from the old French <b><i>chambre </i></b>(room, chamber), from the Latin <b><i>camera </i></b>(<span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "georgia" , "utopia" , "palatino linotype" , "palatino" , serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 18px;">vaulted room)</span>, which is merely a transliteration of the Greek <b><i>cam<u>a</u>ra </i></b>[Gr: <i>καμάρα</i>].<br />
<br />
See also the post entitled "Etymology of camera", <a href="http://www.ewonago.blogspot.gr/2012/05/etymology-of-camera.html" target="_blank"><i>here</i></a>.<br />
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____________________________ <b><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 224.</span></b> ________________________<br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-68572034681646659762012-06-16T09:21:00.000+03:002020-04-02T12:48:12.707+03:00Etymology of solid<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">solid</span></em></strong> comes from the French <span class="foreign"><em><strong>solide</strong></em></span> (firm, dense, compact) from the Latin <span class="foreign"><em><strong>solidus/solus</strong></em></span> (firm, whole, entire), which is related to the Greek <strong><em>h<u>o</u>los</em></strong> [whole; Gr: <em>όλος</em>]. <br />
.<br />
<strong><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></strong> <strong><em>solidus, soldier, solicit, solidarity, solidity, solicitor, holo-</em></strong> [holocaust, hologram, holograph etc], <strong><em>holism, holistic</em></strong>.<br />
.<br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek </strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>: </strong></span><br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) <u>o</u>los:</span></em></strong> whole, entire [Gr: <em>όλος</em>]<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) holistic<u>o</u>s:</span></em></strong> holistic [Gr: <em>ολιστικός</em>]<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">c) <u>o</u>li:</span></em></strong> all, everybody [Gr: <em>όλοι</em>]<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">d) s<u>o</u>lido:</span></em></strong> solidus (coin) [Gr: <em>σόλιδο</em>]<br />
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<a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=solid&searchmode=none" target="_blank"><strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><em>OED</em></span></strong></a><br />
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___________________________<strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> Post 223.</span></strong> __________<br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-80959936888315291732012-06-12T08:00:00.002+03:002020-04-02T12:52:31.450+03:00Etymology of exotic<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">exotic</span></em></strong> (belonging to another country), comes from the French <strong>e<span class="foreign"><em>xotique</em></span></strong> from the Latin <span class="foreign"><em><strong>exoticus</strong></em></span>, which is a transliteration of the Greek <span class="foreign"><em><strong>exotikos</strong></em></span> [foreign, from the outside; Gr: <em>εξωτικός</em>], from <span class="foreign"><em><strong>exo</strong></em></span> [outside; Gr: <em>έξω</em>].<br />
.<br />
<strong><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></strong> <strong><em>exoticism, exo-</em></strong> [exit, exodus, exogamous, exogenous, exophthalmic, exorcism, exoteric, exothermic, exterior etc]. <br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>: </strong></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) <u>e</u>xo:</span></em></strong> outside [Gr: <em>έξω</em>] </span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) <u>e</u>xodos:</span></em></strong> exit, exodus [Gr: <em>έξοδος</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">c) exoteric<u>o</u>:</span></em></strong> exterior, abroad, outward appearance [Gr: <em>εξωτερικό</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">d) exotic<u>o</u>s:</span></em></strong> exotic [Gr: <em>εξωτικός</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">e) exo-</span></em></strong> [<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;"><u>e</u>xosi:</span></em></strong> eviction, ejection; <strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">ex<u>o</u>stis:</span></em></strong> balcony; <strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">exostrefia:</span></em></strong> extroversion; <strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">exosyzygic<u>o</u>s:</span></em></strong> extramaterital; <span style="color: #990000;"><strong><em>exoscholic<u>o</u>s:</em></strong></span> adj out-of-school; <strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">exoter<u>i</u>kefsi:</span></em></strong> exteriorization; <strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">exotic<u>o</u>:</span></em></strong> fairy, elf; <strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">ex<u>o</u>fyllo:</span></em></strong> (book) cover; etc.]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=exotic&searchmode=none" target="_blank"><strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;">OED</span></strong></a></span></span><br />
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_______________________ <strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 222.</span></strong> _______________</div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-11648146832974265622012-06-11T07:50:00.004+03:002020-04-02T12:50:56.043+03:00Etymology of elixir<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">elixir</span></em></strong> or philosopher's stone, believed by alchemists to transmute baser metals into gold and/or to cure diseases and prolong life, comes from the Arabic <span class="foreign"><strong><em>al-iksir</em></strong></span>, from the late Greek <span class="foreign"><strong><em>xir<u>i</u>on</em></strong></span> [powder for drying wounds; Gr: <em>ξηρίον</em>], from the Greek <span class="foreign"><strong><em>xir<u>o</u>s</em></strong></span> [dry; Gr: <em>ξηρός</em>].<br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><em><span style="color: #990000;"><strong>a) xir<u>o</u>s:</strong></span></em> dry [Gr: <em>ξηρός</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) xiras<u>i</u>a:</span></em></strong> drought [Gr: <em>ξηρασία</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">c) xir<u>a</u>:</span></em></strong> land, mainland [Gr: <em>ξηρά</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">d) xir<u>o</u>tita:</span></em></strong> dryness, aridity [Gr: <em>ξηρότητα</em>]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">e) elix<u>i</u>rio:</span></em></strong> elixir [Gr: <em>ελιξήριο; </em>loanword]</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=elixir&searchmode=none" style="font-size: x-small;" target="_blank"><em><strong>OED</strong></em></a></span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong>_________________ </strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><strong>Post 221.</strong></span><strong> ______________</strong></span></span></div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-91176056419301592022012-06-06T00:41:00.001+03:002020-04-02T12:53:49.684+03:00Etymology of sophistication, sophisticated<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <em><span style="color: #cc0000;"><strong>sophistication</strong></span></em> (use or employment of sophistry) comes from the Latin <span class="foreign"><strong><em>sophisticare</em></strong></span> (adulterate, cheat quibble) from the Latin <span class="foreign"><em><strong>sophisticus</strong></em></span> (of sophists), a transliteration of the Greek <span class="foreign"><strong><em>sophistikos</em></strong></span> (of or pertaining to a sophist), from the Greek <span class="foreign"><strong><em>sophist<u>i</u>s</em></strong></span> (a wise man, master, teacher). <br />
<br />
<strong><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></strong> <strong><em>sophist, sophisticate, sophisticated, sophism, sophistic, sophistry, sophomore</em></strong><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span><br />
<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) sophist<u>i</u>s:</span></em></strong> sophist [Gr: σοφιστής]<br />
<em><strong><span style="color: #990000;">b) s<u>o</u>phisma:</span></strong></em> sophism, fallacy [Gr: σόφισμα]<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">c) sophist<u>i</u>a:</span></em></strong> sophistry [Gr: σοφιστεία ]<br />
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<a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=sophistication&allowed_in_frame=0" target="_blank">OED</a>.<br />
____________________ Post 220 _____________</div>
Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-8615564925057649062012-05-14T00:46:00.001+03:002020-04-02T12:55:13.135+03:00Etymology of canvas<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">canvas</span></em></strong> (an extremely heavy-duty plain-woven fabric) comes from the old French <span class="foreign"><em><strong>canevas</strong>,</em></span> from <span class="foreign"><em><strong>cannapaceus</strong></em></span> (made of hemp), from the Latin <span class="foreign"><em><strong>cannabis</strong>,</em></span> a transliteration of the the Greek <strong><em>cannabis</em></strong> (hemp).<br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span></div>
<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) camv<u>a</u>s:</span></em></strong> canvas [Gr: καμβάς] <br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) c<u>a</u>nnavis:</span></em></strong> hemp, cannabis [Gr: κάνναβις] <br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?allowed_in_frame=0&search=canvas&searchmode=none" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">OED</span></a>.<br />
_____________________________ <span style="font-size: xx-small;"><strong>Post 219</strong></span>. ________________ <br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-72275269801034582902012-05-14T00:23:00.000+03:002020-04-02T13:02:42.585+03:00Etymology of canteen<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">canteen</span></em></strong> (store in a military camp) comes from the French <span class="foreign"><strong><em>cantine</em></strong></span> from the Italian <span class="foreign"><strong><em>cantina</em></strong></span> (wine cellar, vault) from the Latin <span class="foreign"><strong><em>canto</em></strong></span> (corner), which most probably derives from the Greek word <strong><em>canth<u>o</u>s</em></strong> (canthus, corner of the eye; Gr: κανθός). </div>
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) canth<u>o</u>s:</span></em> </strong><span style="color: black;">Gcanthus [Gr: <em>κανθός</em>] </span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) cant<u>i</u>na:</span></em></strong> canteen [Gr: <em>καντίνα</em>; loanword ]</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;">.</span></span></div>
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<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black; font-size: xx-small;">See also (in Greek) "Etymological Dictionary of Modern Greek" by G. Babiniotis p.628 and EP21.</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black; font-size: xx-small;"><a href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=canteen&allowed_in_frame=0" style="font-size: medium;" target="_blank"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">OED</span></a><span style="font-size: xx-small;">.</span></span></span></div>
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_________________________ <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span><strong><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Post 218</span>.</strong> _______________________</div>
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-37372098640200421962012-05-13T18:12:00.000+03:002020-04-02T13:05:01.363+03:00Etymology of camera<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">camera</span></em></strong> (a device that records and stores images; vaulted building), comes from the Latin <span class="foreign"><em><strong>camera</strong></em></span> (vaulted room), which is a transliteration of the Greek word <strong>c<span class="foreign"><em>am<u>a</u>ra</em></span></strong> (a vault, arched roof or ceiling, vaulted chamber; room). The word was also used as a short for <span class="foreign"><em>camera obscura</em></span> (dark chamber; a black box with a lens that could project images of external objects), and thus it became the word for "picture-taking device".<br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span></div>
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<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) c<u>a</u>mera:</span></em></strong> camera [Gr: <em>κάμερα</em>; loanword]</div>
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<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) cam<u>a</u>ra:</span></em></strong> arch, arcade [Gr: <em>καμάρα</em>]</div>
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<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">c) c<u>a</u>mara:</span></em></strong> room [Gr: <em>κάμαρα</em>]</div>
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">d) camari<u>e</u>ra:</span></em></strong> chambermaid [Gr: <em>καμαριέρα</em>]<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">e) camar<u>i</u>ni:</span></em></strong> dressing room, green room [Gr: <em>καμαρίνι</em>]<br />
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<a href="https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=camera" target="_blank">OED</a><br />
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______________________ <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 218.</span></strong> ______________________</div>
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-27806558526589098842012-05-13T14:06:00.000+03:002020-04-02T13:12:38.029+03:00Etymology of serpent<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The word <strong><em><span style="color: #cc0000;">serpent</span></em></strong> (reptile, snake) comes from the Old French <span class="foreign"><em><strong>sarpent</strong>,</em></span> from the Latin <span class="foreign"><em><strong>serpentem</strong></em></span> [nom. <span class="foreign"><em>serpens; </em></span>snake], from the v. serpo which is related to the Greek v. <em><strong>h<u>e</u>rpo </strong>/ <strong><u>e</u>rpo</strong></em> (to creep; Gr: <em>έρπω</em>]. <br />
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<strong><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></strong> <strong><em>serpentine</em></strong></div>
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span></div>
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<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">a) erpet<u>o</u>:</span></em></strong> serpent [Gr: <em>ερπετό</em>]</div>
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<strong><em><span style="color: #990000;">b) serpantina:</span></em></strong> serpentine [Gr: <em>σερπαντίνα</em>; loanword]<br />
<strong><em><span style="background-color: white; color: #990000;">c) <u>e</u>rpo:</span></em></strong> v. to creep [Gr: <em>έρπω</em>].<br />
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<a href="https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=serpent" target="_blank">OED</a><br />
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_________________________ <strong><span style="font-size: x-small;">Post 217</span></strong>. ____________________</div>
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-72174518593427097862012-05-13T13:25:00.000+03:002020-04-02T13:14:31.638+03:00Etymology of dragon, dragoon<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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The word <i><strong><span style="color: #cc0000;">dragon</span></strong></i> comes from the Old French <i>dragon</i>, which in turn comes from the Latin <i><strong>draconem</strong></i> [huge serpent, dragon], from the Greek word <i><strong>drakon</strong></i> [serpent, giant seafish; Gr: <em>δράκων</em>]. <br />
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<strong><span style="color: #660000;">From the same root:</span></strong> <strong><em>dragoon, dragonet</em></strong><br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>In modern Greek</strong></span><span style="color: #660000;"><strong>:</strong></span><br />
<span style="color: #660000;"><strong>a) <em>dr<u>a</u>kos</em>: </strong><span style="color: black;"><strong>dragon</strong> [Gr: <em>δράκος</em>]</span></span><br />
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<span style="color: #660000;"><span style="color: black;"><a href="https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=dragon" target="_blank">OED</a></span></span><br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2503591475461083472.post-37962073742891844282012-04-16T11:38:00.010+03:002020-04-02T13:19:18.588+03:00Etymology of griffon, griffin<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<strong><em><span style="color: red;">Griffon</span></em></strong> is a type of dog. The word <strong><em><span style="color: red;">griffon</span></em></strong> (also <strong><em><span style="color: red;">griffin</span></em></strong> or <span style="color: red;"><strong><em>gryphon</em></strong></span><span style="color: black;">)</span> comes from the old French <strong><em>grifon</em></strong> from the Latin <strong><em>gryphus / grypus</em></strong>, a transliteration of the Greek <strong><em>gr<u>y</u>phon</em></strong> / <strong><em>gr<u>y</u>ps</em></strong> [Gr: <em>γρύφων;</em> lit. curved, hook-nosed], a legendary mythological creature with the body of a lion and the head and wings of an eagle.<br />
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<strong><span style="color: #660000;">In modern Greek </span></strong><strong><span style="color: #660000;">:</span></strong><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #993300;">a) gr<u>y</u>pas:</span></em></strong> griffin, legendary creature [Gr: <em>γρύπας</em>]<br />
<strong><em><span style="color: #993300;">b) grif<u>o</u>n:</span></em></strong> griffon [Gr: <em>γριφόν</em>; loanword]<br />
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<strong><span style="font-size: 13.6px;"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Griffin">WKP</a></span></strong><br />
<strong>_____________________ <span style="font-size: 85%;"> Post 215.</span> _______________</strong><br />
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Johanneshttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15266683732358274481noreply@blogger.com0