Etymology of calm

The word calm (tranquility, quiet, peace) comes from the old French calme, from the Italian calma, from the Latin cauma (heat of the mid-day sun), which is a transliteration of the Greek kauma [Gr: καύμα] from the verb kaio (pronounced as keo), to burn [Gr: καίω]. Spelling influenced by L. calere "to be hot".
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In modern Greek:
a) kauma (pronounced as kavma): heat of the mid-day sun [Gr: καύμα]
b) keo: to burn [Gr: καίω]
c) encaustiki: encaustic [Gr: εγκαυστική]
d) encauma: n burn, scald [Gr: έγκαυμα]

OED.
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Etymology of beret

Beret (cap; earlier, berret) is from the diminutive form birretum of the Latin birrus (large hooded cloak). It is either of Gaulish origin or it is related to the red colour [burrus: red] of the wool of which it was made. Burrus is related to the Greek word pyrros [Gr: πυρρός] meaning red, the colour of the fire, from pyr [Gr: πύρ], fire.




In modern Greek.

a) pyr: n. fire [Gr: πυρ]

b) pyrosvestis: fireman, fire fighter [Gr: πυροσβέστης]

c) pyrotechnima: firework, pyrotechnics [Gr: πυροτέχνημα]

d) pyrotechnurgos: pyrotechnist [Gr: πυροτεχνουργός]

e) pyromanis: pyromaniac [Gr: πυρομανής]

f) pyrolysi: pyrolysis [Gr: πυρόλυση]

g) pyrovolo: to shoot, fire, gun [Gr: πυροβολώ]

h) pyrkayia: n. fire, conflagration [Gr: πυρκαγιά]

i) beres: beret [Gr: μπερές]; loanworn


OED
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Etymology of physic, physician, physics, physical, physi-

The word physic (art of healing, medical science, natural science), comes from the Latin physica (study of nature), from the Greek physike [Gr: φυσική] (knowledge of nature), from physis (nature) [Gr: φύση]," from the verb phyo (to bring forth, produce) [Gr: φύω].
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In modern Greek.
a) physi: nature [Gr: φύση]
b) physici: physics [Gr: φυσική]
c) physicos: natural, normal, unaffected [Gr: φυσικός]
d) physiologia: physiology [Gr: φυσιολογία]
e) and many other words that can easily be understood containing the root physi- like: physiotherapeftis (physiotherapist), physicomathematicos, physiognomia, physiognomistis, physiocraticos etc.

OED
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Etymology of brilliant

Brilliant comes from the French brilliant (sparkling, shining) from the Italian brillare (sparkle, whirl), from the Latin berillare (to shine like a beryl), from berillus (beryl, precious stone), from the Latin beryllus, which is a transliteration of the Greek beryllos [beryl, precious stone; Gr: βήρυλλος].
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In modern Greek:
a) beryllos (or better pronounced as viryllos): beryl [Gr: βήρυλλος]
b) beryllio: beryllium (Be) [Gr: βηρύλλιο]
c) brilanti (or brigianti): diampond, brilliant [Gr: μπριλάντι]
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Fr: briller, brillantine, brillant; It: brillare; Grm: Brillant, Brille

OED
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Etymology of myriad

The word myriad comes from the old French myriade, from the Latin myrias (gen. myriadis) "ten thousand," which id a transliteration of the Greek myrias (gen. myriados) [ten thousand; Gr: μυριάς].
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In modern Greek:
a) myriada: myriad [Gr: μυριάδα]

Fr: myriade; It: miriade; Sp: miriada; Grm: Myriade


OED
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Etymology of typhoon

The word typhoon (violent storm, whirlwind, tornado), comes from the Greek typhon [whirlwind; Gr: τυφών], personified as a giant, father of the winds, perhaps from typhein "to smoke" (origin of the word typhus).

In modern Greek:

a) typhonas: typhoon [Gr: τυφώνας]

OED
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Etymology of decade

Decade, "ten parts" (of anything), comes from the old French décade (14c.), from the Latin decadem (nom. decas), from the Greek decas (gen. dekados) "group of ten." Meaning "period of ten years" is 1590s in English. See also "etymology of dean" here .
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In modern Greek:
a) decada: ten parts [Gr: δεκάδα]
b) decaetia: ten years period, decade [Gr: δεκαετία]

OED
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Etymology of dime

The word dime (coin worth one tenth of a US dollar, a 10 cent coin) comes from the old French disme (a tenth part), from the Latin decima [tenth (part)], from decem (ten), related to the Greek deca (ten).
See also "etymology of dean" here .

OED

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Etymology of December

The word December comes from the Latin December (tenth month of the old Roman calendar, which began with March), from decem (ten), related to the Greek deca [ten; Gr: δέκα].

See also "etymology of dean" here .
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In modern Greek:
a) Decembrios (better pronounced as Dekemvrios): December [Gr: Δεκέμβριος]
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Etymology of dean

Dean comes from the old French deien, from the Latin decanus "head of a group of 10 monks in a monastery", from earlier secular meaning "commander of 10 soldiers" (which was extended to civil administrators in the late empire), a transliteration of the Greek decanos [Gr: δεκανός], from deca "ten". College sense is from 1570s.
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In modern Greek:

a) deca: ten [Gr: δέκα]

b) deca-: deca- [Gr: δέκα-] (decathlon, decalogue etc.)

c) decaneas: corporal, leader of ten soldiers [Gr: δεκανέας] 

OED
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Etymology of mandolin

Origin of the word mandolin

Mandolin comes from the French mandoline, from the Italian mandolino, diminutive of mandola, a larger kind of mandolin, altered from the Latin pandura (a three-stringed lute), which is transliteration of the Greek pandura.

See also post 186 (etymology of banjo).

In modern Greek:

a) mandolino: mandolin [Gr: μαντολίνο; loanword]

OED
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Etymology of banjo

Origin of the word banjo
The word banjo (a stringed instrument with four or five strings, usually associated with country music) comes from the Portoguese bandurra, from the Latin pandura, which is a transliteration of the Greek pandura (a three-string instrument; Gr: παντούρα).

From the same root:

mandolin, banjulele
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In modern Greek:

a) banjo: banjo [Gr: μπάντζο; loanword]

b) mandolino: mandolin [Gr: μαντολίνο; loanword]

c) mandura: a folk music instrument [Gr: μαντούρα]

OED

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Etymology of anthem

Orugin of the word anthem
The word anthem comes from the old English ontemn, antefn, "a composition (in prose or verse) sung antiphonally," from the Latin antefana, a transliteration of the Greek antiphona "verse response".

From the same root:
antiphon, phonetic etc

In modern Greek:
a) antiphono: antiphon [Gr: αντίφωνο]
b) anti-: anti-[Gr: αντι-]
c) anti: instead of, in place of, as, for [Gr: αντί]
d) phone or better phoni: voice [Gr: φωνή]

OED
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Etymology of April

Origin of the word April

The word April comes from the old French Avril, from the Latin Aprilis (month of Venus, the second month of the ancient Roman calendar, dedicated to the goddess Venus) from Apru, a transliteration of the Greek Aphro from Aphrodite (Venus; Gr: Αφροδίτη).



In modern Greek:
a) Aprilis: April [Gr: Απρίλης]

WKN

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Etymology of almanac

Origin of the word almanac
The word almanac comes from the old French almanach from the Spanish-Arabic al-manakh (calendar, almanac) most probably from the arabic article al- and the Greek meneacon/manacon [of a month, of a lunary circle, calendar of a month; Gr.: μηνιακόν / μηναίον] from the root men/mene [moon, month; Gr.: μήν/μήνη].

In modern Greek:

a) almanac: almanac [Gr: αλμανάκ]

b) menas: month [Gr: μήνας]

c) menieos: monthly, of the month [Gr: μηνιαίος]

OED

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