Etymology of month, moon, menses, meniscus

Origin of month, moon, menses, meniscus
The words moon and month come from the the latin mensis (month), which is related to the Greek Aeolic form meis/mens (μείς/μηνς) of men/mene (μήν/μήνη; month, moon).
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From the same root:

English: moon, moon- (-beam, -light, ..., - strike), moony, month, menses, menstrual, menstruation, menstruate, menstruous, menopause, meniscus (deminutive of mene: small moon during the first quarter).

French: mois, mensuel
Italian: mese, mensile
Spanish: mes, mensual,
German: Monat, monatlich.


In modern Greek:
a) menas: month [μήνας]
b) emmena: menses, period [έμμηνα]
c) emmenopause: menopause [εμμηνόπαυση]
d) emmenorrhoea: menstruation [εμμηνόρροια]

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Οι λέξεις moon (σελήνη) και month (μήνας) προέρχονται από το λατινικό mensis (μήνας), το οποίο σχετίζεται με το Ελληνικό μήν/μήνη (μήνας, σελήνη).

OED

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Etymology of cheer

Origin of cheer.
The word cheer (gladness, gaiety, something that gives joy, lightness of spirits or mood) comes from the Anglo-Norman chere (face) from the old French chiere from the Latin cara (face), which is merely a transliteration of the Greek cara (head; κάρα).

From the same root.
cheerful, cheerily, cheeriness, cheeriness, cheerio, cheerleader, cheerless, cheers, cheery

In modern Greek:
a) cara: head, a saint's head, skull [κάρα]
b) carivaria: headache [καρηβαρία]
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Η λέξη cheer (ευθυμία, κέφι, φαιδρότητα, επευφημία) προέρχεται από το Αγγλο-Νορμανδικό chere (πρόσωπο) από το παλαιό Γαλλικό chiere από το Λατινικό cara (πρόσωπο), το οποίο αποτελεί μεταγραφή του ελληνικού κάρα (κεφαλή).

OED

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Etymology of Barbara

Origin of Barbara.
The Christian proper name Barbara is given in honour of the Great Martyr Saint Barbara (3rd century - December 4, 306). Saint Barbara was a young woman killed by her own father Dioscorus, who was then killed by a bolt of lightning. The name comes from the Latin barbarus, which is merely a transliteration of the Greek barbaros (βάρβαρος) meaning foreign, one who could not speak Greek, a non-Greek, an uncivilized.

Other forms of the proper name.
Barb, Barbie, Barbra, Babs, Bobbie, Barbora, Bairbre, Bara, Barbro, Basia, Borbala, Varvara, Varya.


From the same root.

English: barbarian, barbarity, barbarism, barbarize, barbaric

French: barbare, barbarie, barbarisme, barbariser, barbaresques

Italian: barbaro, barbarie, barbarismo, barbarizzare
Spanish: barbaro, barbaridad, barbarismo, barbarico

German: Barbar, Barbarei, barbarisch, Barbarismus


In modern Greek:
a) Barbara (or better Varvara): Barbara [Βαρβάρα]
b)barbaros (or better varvaros): barbarian [βάρβαρος]
c) barbarismos (varvarismos): barbarism [βαρβαρισμός]
d) barbarotita (varvarotita): barbarity [βαρβαρότητα]
e) barbaricos (varvaricos): barbaric [βαρβαρικός]

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Το κύριο όνομα Barbara, προέρχεται από το Ελληνικό βάρβαρος

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Saint Barbara

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OED
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